This highly refined form of soy protein (click here to learn more about soy protein) has a minimum protein content of 90% on a moisture-free basis. Defatted soy flour has had most of the non-protein components, fats and carbohydrates removed. This defatted soy flour has a high solubility in water when the aqueous extraction is carried out at a low pH below 9. The extract is clarified to remove the insoluble material. The precipitated protein-curd is collected and separated from the whey by centrifuge. The curd is usually neutralized with alkali. Soybean protein isolate has a biological value of 74 (relies on nitrogen retention as a measurement of protein quality). Soy protein has a neutral flavour since the soy bean taste has been removed along with the carbohydrates. This helps to mix soy protein isolate with food without a bad taste resulting. With most of the carbohydrates removed, the intake of soy protein isolate does not cause flatulence. Pure soy protein isolate is difficult to find in stores because it is used by the food industry, but it can be scouted in health stores, pharmacies and online supplement sites. Usually soy protein shake powder is a mixture of soy protein isolate with flavours, minerals and vitamins. It is important to find the purest form of soy protein isolate in order to get the best results when training. The higher the protein content, the fewer carbohydrates and fats are present in the soy isolate, making it more beneficial for muscle recovery.
Soy Protein Concentrate
Soy protein concentrate is made by removing some of the carbohydrates from dehulled and defatted soybeans. Alcohol extraction is a method to remove carbohydrates but it results in most loss of the soy isoflavones. The water extraction method to remove the sugars ensures a good retention of the isoflavones in the final product of soy protein concentrate that is found in health stores. Soy isoflavones can lower the risk of heart disease, breast cancer, prostate cancer and osteoporosis and act as anti-cancer agents because they are antioxidant and inhibit the protein production in cancer cells. Soy isoflavones are also beneficial for menopausal women because they may ease menopausal symptoms, keep energy levels constant and maintain strong bones. Soy protein concentrate retains most of the fiber from the soybean and contains more protein and less fat. Soy protein concentrate is about 70% soy protein, while isolate has a higher protein concentration of 90%.
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